Instructor
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Dr. Saleha Noureen
Ph.D
University of the Punjab, Lahore.
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Lecture 1- What is Ecosystem
Lecture 2- Living organisms can use many forms of energy, but not heat
Lecture 3- Producers
Lecture 4- Consumers
Lecture 5- Decomposers
Lecture 6- Food Chain_Energy flows through trophic levels of ecosystems
Lecture 7- Food web
Lecture 8 _ Trophic Levels & Productvity
Lecture 9- How trophic levels process energy
Lecture 10- Ecological pyramids illustrate the relationship of trophic levels
Lecture 11- Animals and their abiotic environment
Lecture 12- Temperature
Lecture 13- Water & Light
Lecture 14 - Population Growth
Lecture 15 - Exponential Population Growth
Lecture 16 - Logistics Population Growth
Lecture 17 - r and k selected species
Lecture 18 - Population Regulation
Lecture 19 - Communities
Lecture 20 - The Ecological Niche
Lecture 21 - The Ecological Stability
Lecture 22 - Herbivory
Lecture 23 - Predation
Lecture 24 - Competition
Lecture 25 - Coevolution
Lecture 26 - Symbiosis
Lecture 27 - Parasitism
Lecture 28 - Camouflage-1
Lecture 29 - Camouflage-2
Lecture 30 - Camouflage-3
Lecture 31 - Mimicry
Lecture 32 - Aposematism
Lecture 33 - Atmosphere and its Evolution-1
Lecture 34 - Atmosphere and its Evolution-2
Lecture 35 - Composition of Atmosphere
Lecture 36 - Layers of Atmosphere-1
Lecture 37 - Troposphere-1
Lecture 38 - Stratosphere
Lecture 39 - Mesosphere
Lecture 40 - Thermosphere & Exosphere
Lecture 41 - Benefits of Atmosphere
Lecture 42 - Carbon Cycle
Lecture 43 - Water Cycle -1
Lecture 44 - Water Cycle-2
Lecture 45 - Nitrogen Cycle - 1
Lecture 46 - Nitrogen Cycle -2
Lecture 47 - Phosphorous Cycle
Lecture 48 - Extinction and Habitat Loss
Lecture 49 - Destruction of Habitat -1
Lecture 50 - Habitat Fragmentation
Lecture 51 - Effects of habitat fragmentation
Lecture 52 - Invasive Species
Lecture 53 - Overexploitation
Lecture 54- Land pollution - 1
Lecture 55 - Land pollution -2
Lecture 56 - Water pollution - 1
Lecture 57 - Water pollution - 2
Lecture 58 - Air pollution - 1
Lecture 59 - Air pollution - 2
Lecture 60 - Light pollution
Lecture 61 - Noise pollution
Lecture 62 - Acid Rain
Lecture 63 - Disruption of water cycle and coastal ecosystem
Lecture 64 - Greenhouse effect
Lecture 65 - Ozone Depletion
Lecture 66 - Global Warming
Lecture 67 - Effects of Global Warming - 1
Lecture 68 - Effects of Global Warming-2
Lecture 69 - Biomagnification
Lecture 70 - Type of Wastewater
Lecture 71 - Impacts of Wastewater on Environment
Lecture 72 - Treatment of Wastewater - 1
Lecture 73 - Treatment of Wastewater - 2
Lecture 74 - Protection of Endangered species
Lecture 75 - Evolution
Lecture 76 - Evolution & Biogeography
Lecture 77 - Evolution & Palaentology
Lecture 78 - Evolution & Comparative Anatomy
Lecture 79 - Evolution & Molecular Biology
Lecture 80 - Lamarckism
Lecture 81 - History of Darwin and Voyage
Lecture 82 - Evidences of Theory of Natural Selection - 1
Lecture 83 - Evidences of Theory of Natural Selection - 2
Lecture 84 - Evidences of Theory of Natural Selection - 3
Lecture 85 - Theory of Natural selection-1
Lecture 86 - Theory of Natural selection-2
Lecture 87 - Theory of Natural selection-3
Lecture 88 - Adaptations
Lecture 89 - POPULATION SIZE, GENETIC DRIFT, AND NEUTRAL SELECTION
Lecture 90 - Effects of Genetic Drift
Lecture 91 - Conditions of Natural Selection
Lecture 92 - Selection for Surviving Adaptations
Lecture 93 - Fitness and its Measurement
Lecture 94 - Interactions Among Evolutionary Forces
Lecture 95 - Maintenance of Variations - 1
Lecture 96 - Maintenance of Variations-2
Lecture 97 - Kinds of Selection
Lecture 98 - Polymorphism
Lecture 99 - The Limits of Selection
Lecture 100 - Speciation - 1
Lecture 101 - Speciation - 2
Lecture 102 - Allopatric Speciation
Lecture 103 - Parapatric Speciation
Lecture 104 - Sympatric Speciation
Lecture 105 - Rates of Evolution
Lecture 106 - Molecular Evolution
Lecture 107 - Gene Duplication
Lecture 108 - Mosaic Evolution
Lecture 109 - Systematics and Five Kingdom System
Lecture 110 - Cladistics
Lecture 111 - Domain Archaea
Lecture 112 - Domain Bacteria
Lecture 113 - Structure and Function of Prokaryotic Cell-1
Lecture 114 - Structure and Function of Prokaryotic Cell-2
Lecture 115 - Domain Eukaryota
Lecture 116 - Nucleus
Lecture 117 - Ribosome
Lecture 118-Endoplasmic Reticulum
Lecture 119 - Golgi Apparatus
Lecture 120 - Lysosome
Lecture 121 - Mitochondria -1
Lecture 122 - Mitochondria -2
Lecture 123 - Peroxisomes
Lecture 124 - Chloroplast
Lecture 125 - Cytoskeleton-1
Lecture 126 - Cytoskeleton-2
Lecture 127 - Protists
Lecture 128 - Phylum Mastigophora - 1
Lecture 129- Phylum Mastigophora - 2
Lecture 130- Subphylum Sarcodinia
Lecture 131- SUPERCLASS RHIZOPODA, CLASS LOBOSEA
Lecture 132- Subphylum Actinopoda
Lecture 133 - Phylum Apicomplexa - 1
Lecture 134 - Phylum Apicomplexa - 2
Lecture 135 - Phylum Labyrinthomorpha
Lecture 136 - Phylum Microspora
Lecture 137 - Phylum Acetospora
Lecture 138 - Phylum Ciliphora - 1
Lecture 139 - Phylum Ciliphora - 2
Lecture 140 - Kingdom Animalia - 1
Lecture 141 - Kingdom Animalia - 2
Lecture 142 -Phylum Porifera
Lecture 143 - Phylum Coelenterata -1
Lecture 144 - Phylum Coelenterata - 2
Lecture 145 - Phylum Platyhelminthes -1
Lecture 146 - Phylum Platyhelminthes - 2
Lecture 147 - Phylum Nematoda
Lecture 148 - Phylum Annelida - 1
Lecture 149 - Phylum Annelida - 2
Lecture 150 - Phylum Mollusca
Lecture 151 - Phylum Arthropoda - 1
Lecture 152- Phylum Arthropoda - 2
Lecture # 153, Phylum Arthropoda- 3
Lecture # 154, Phylum Echinodermata -1
Lecture # 155, Phylum Echinodermata-2
Lecture # 156, Phylum Hemichordata
Lecture # 157, Class Pisces
Lecture # 158, Class Amphibia
Lecture # 159, Class Reptilia
Lecture # 160, Class Aves-1
Lecture # 161, Class Aves- 2
Lecture # 162, Class Mammalia- 1
Lecture # 163, Class Mammalia- 2
Lecture # 164, Kingdom Plantae
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