Course Info
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Course Category
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Biotechnology
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Course Level
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Graduate
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Credit Hours
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3
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Pre-requisites
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N/A
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Instructor
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Iram Mushtaq
Ph.D
Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad
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Course Contents
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What is Genetics, Sub disciplines of Genetics, Genetics Terminologies, Mendel's law of Dominance, Monohybrid Cross and Dihybrid Cross, Mendel's law of Segregation, Mendel's law of Independent Assortment, Modern Genetics Concepts, Importance of Genetics, Heredity, Variation, Genetic and Acquired Variation, Types of Variation- Continuous and Discontinuous Variation, Source of variation, Heredity and Variation in Mendel's work, Mendelian and Non-Mendelian Inheritance, Conclusions of Mendelian Inheritance, Exceptions to Mendelian Inheritance, Incomplete Dominance, Co-dominance, Polygenic traits, Epistasis, Pleiotropy, Environmental Effects, What are Chromosomes, Cell, Nucleus and Chromosome, Chromosome Numbers in Different Species, Chromosomes in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, Salient features of Chromosomes, Size of Chromosomes, Types of Chromosomes, Centromere –Functions, Telomere Functions, Euchromatin and Heterochromatin, Staining and Banding Chromosomes, Nucleosomes, Chromatin and Chromosomes, Higher Order Chromatin Folding, Kinetochore, Karyotyping, Prokaryotic Chromosomes, Sex Chromosomes and Sex determination, Salient features of DNA, Nucleotides – building blocks of DNA, Conformations of DNA, Chargaff Rule of Base Ratio, Giant Chromosomes, Lampbrush chromosome, Cell Division, Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Unreplicated and Replicated Chromosomes, Interphase, Prophase of Mitosis, Metaphase of Mitosis, Anaphase of Mitosis, Telophase of Mitosis, Cytokinesis, Mitotic Spindles, Somatic cells and Gametes, Homologous Chromosomes, Meiosis, Stages of Meiosis, Prophase I of Meiosis, Metaphase I of Meiosis, Anaphase I of Meiosis, Telophase I of Meiosis, Prophase II of Meiosis, Metaphase II of Meiosis, Anaphase II of Meiosis, Telophase II of Meiosis, Mitosis and Meiosis, Summary - Mitosis and Meiosis, Concept of Multiple Alleles, Multiple Alleles - our blood group, Blood groups and Transfusions, Multiple alleles effect in Drosophila, Correlation of Alleles and Genotypes, Polygenic Inheritance, Examples of Polygenic inheritance, What is Epistasis, Types of Epistasis, What is Epigenetics, Epigenetic Modifications, Chromosomal Aberrations, Karyotyping- international description, Defining Chromosome Location, Common Numerical Abnormalities, Non-disjunction, Trisomy, Monosomy, Polyploidy, Alloploidy, Polyploidy and Aneuploidy, Structural Abnormalities, Translocations, Chromosomal Deletions, Chromosomal Insertions, Chromosomal Inversions, What is Mutation, Types of Mutation, Somatic and Germline Mutation, Forward, Reverse and Neutral Mutation, Loss of function, Gain of function, Spontaneous and Induced Mutation, Suppressor Mutation, Point Mutations, Silent Mutation, Missense Mutation, Nonsense Mutation, Additions Mutation, Inversion Mutation, Deletions Mutation, Mutation Nomenclature, Salient feature of Mutation Nomenclature, Mutation at DNA, RNA and Protein level, Mutation in Intronic Sequence, Specific changes in Sequence, What are Genetic Disorders, Inheritance Patterns of Genetic Disorders, Autosomal Recessive Inheritance, Autosomal Dominant Inheritance, X-linked recessive inheritance, X-linked dominant inheritance, Maternal inheritance of mt DNA, Introduction to genomics, Functional Genomics, Structural genomics, Comparative genomics, Population Genomics, Metagenomics, Genetics and Genomics, Genomics, Proteomics and metabolomics, Why sequence genomes, Genome characterization-technique used, Genome analysis steps, Benefits of Genomes research, Genes and Sizes of Genomes, Viral Genomes, Bacterial genomes, Yeast genome, Mitochondrial genome, Chloroplast genome (cpDNA), Eukaryotic genomes, Genomes Comparison, Comparing distantly and closely related species, Anatomy and organization of genome, Gene anatomy, Prokaryotic gene and eukaryotic gene, Types of eukaryotic DNA, Duplicated genes and Pseudo genes, Repetitive DNA, Mobile DNA, Movement of transposons and retrotransposons, Transposons in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, Long terminal repeats, LINE and SINES, Genetic Variations, Gene families and Gene clusters, Types of Proteins and families, Gene densities, Genome evolution, Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis, Genes tree and species tree, Mitochondrial Genome Evolution, Genome evolution – Nucleotide substitution, Genome evolution CpG mutation rate, Genome evolution – Indels, Genome evolution Gene conversion, Genome evolution-Gene Duplications, Genome Evolution Exons Shuffling and duplications, Genome evolution – Recombination hotspots, Genome evolution double stranded break repair, Genome evolution chromosomal rearrangements, Gene expression mechanisms, Gene Expression and Genetic Switches, Inducible, repressible systems, Regulation of gene expression in Prokaryotes, Operon model of Prokaryotes, Eukaryotic gene expression, Control of gene expression in Eukaryotas, Cis-acting elements, Trans-acting elements, Gene expression and RNA interference, Prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression -difference, Genome mapping, Genetic mapping of genomes, Genetic markers, Characteristics of genetic markers, DNA Markers, Applications of molecular markers, Physical mapping of Genomes, Cytogenetic mapping of genomes, FISH mapping of genomes, Restrictions mapping of Genomes, Radiation hybrid mapping of genomes, Clone contigs mapping of genomes, Generating sequence of genomes, Human Genome project, Human Genome project - Hierarchical shotgun sequencing, Human Genome project- Whole Genome shotgun sequencing, Human genome Characteristics (A), Characteristics of our genome - B, Genes Functions, Genome browsers-UCSC, Genome browser- Ensemble, HapMap project, 1000 genomes, Ethical and legal issues of Human Genome Project, Future Challenges of human genome project, Genome annotation – Proteins coding genes, Genome annotation – transcription factors, Gene predictions in Prokaryotes, Gene Predictions in Eukaryota, Arabidopsis Genome, Mouse genome, Comparison between mouse and human genome, Proteomics Types and Techniques, Characteristics of Human Proteome, Transcriptome, Mapping of disease genes, Type of linkage analysis, Genome wide association studies, Association studies vs linkage studies, Microarrays, Types of microarray, Microarray Formats, Microarray-Procedure, Microarray-chips, Microarray – Applications, Types of RNA and RNomics, Non coding DNA, Non coding RNAs, miRNA, Biogenesis of miRNA, Functions of miRNA, Mode of action miRNA, Non coding RNA and X chromosome Silencing, RNA Induced Silencing Complex, siRNA, Dicer and Drosha, Design of siRNA, Applications of siRNA, Ribozymes, Metalloribozymes, Small ribozymes and riboswitches, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacogenomics principles and potentials, Study of Omics.
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