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ENG502 : Introduction to Linguistics

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Course Info

Course Category

English

Course Level

Undergraduate

Credit Hours

3

Pre-requisites

N/A

Instructor

Prof. Shakeel Amjad
M.Phil.
Beacon House National University

Course Contents

Introduction Language: A Purely Human and Non-Instinctive Communication Language: A Symbol System Behavioristic View of Language Structural View of Language Miscellaneous Definitions of Language Animal Communication and Language Talking Apes Written Language First Families Towards a Science of Language Future Indicatives The Divine Source The Natural Sound Source The Social Interaction Source The Physical Adaptation Source The Tool-Making Source The Genetic Source Characteristics of Human Language Displacement Arbitrariness Productivity Cultural Transmission Duality Functions of Language (Verbal Communication) Language is Expressive Language is Powerful Language as a Means of Control Language is Performative Language: A Dynamic and Relational Entity Aspects of Nonverbal Communication Principles of Nonverbal Communication Conveyance of Interpersonal and Emotional Messages More Involuntary than Verbal More Ambiguous More Credible Types of Nonverbal Communication Learning Kinesics Haptics Vocalics Proxemics Chronemics Introduction: Animal vs. Human Communication Broadcast Transmission and Directional Reception Creativity/Novelty/ Prevarication Discreteness Interchangeability Semanticity Introduction Explicitness Systematicness Objectivity The Scope of Linguistics Intra-disciplinary Branches of Linguistics General-Linguistics Descriptive-Linguistics Comparative Linguistics Historical-Linguistics Inter-disciplinary Branches Sociolinguistics Psycholinguistics Applied Linguistics Computational Linguistics Geographical Linguistics Introduction Linguistics: Scientific Study of Language Linguistics and Descriptivism Linguistics: Non-Speculative Nature Linguistics and Objectivity Linguistics and Spoken Language Definition Nature and Functions of Phonetics Articulatory Phonetics Acoustic Phonetics Auditory Phonetics Instrumental Phonetics Definition Difference Between Phonetics and Phonology Phoneme: The Basic Unit of Phonology Segmental Phonology Supra-segmental Phonology Syllable and Division of Words into Syllables The Structure of the Syllable Syllabic Consonants Types of the Syllable Consonant Clusters Abutting Consonants Definition Types of Stress (Word-stress) Sentence Stress Syllable-timed Languages and Stress-timed Languages General Rules of Stress Morphology Morpheme Free Morphemes Bound Morphemes Lexical Morphemes Functional Morphemes Derivational Morphemes Inflectional Morphemes Derivational vs. Inflectional Morphemes Morphological Description Problems in Morphological Description Morphs and Allomorphs Coinage Borrowing Compounding / Blending Clipping Acronyms Derivation (Prefixes, Suffixes, Infixes) Grammar Traditional Grammar The Parts of Speech Agreement Grammatical Gender Traditional Analysis The Prescriptive Approach The Descriptive Approach Structural Analysis Constituent Analysis Labeled and Bracketed Sentences A Gaelic Sentence Introduction Generative Grammar Properties of Generative Grammar Well-Formed Syntactic Structures Finite Number of Rules Recursion Surface Structure Deep Structure Structural Ambiguity Symbols Used in Syntactic Description Labeled Tree Diagrams Phrase Structure Rules Lexical Rules Back to Recursion Transformational Rules Particle Movement IC analysis Definition Types of Meaning Conceptual or Denotative Meaning Associative or Connotative Meaning Prepositional Meaning The Prosodic Meaning Semantic Features Semantic Roles Agent Theme Instrument Experiencer, Location, Source and Goal Synonymy Antonymy Hyponymy Prototypes Homophony, Homonymy and Polysemy Metonymy Definition Invisible Meaning No Text Without Context Linguistic Context Physical Context Social/Cultural Context Deixis/Deictic Expressions Person Deixis Place Deixis Time Deixis Reference Inference Anaphora Presupposition Constancy under Negation Test Speech Acts Direct Speech Acts Indirect Speech Acts Definitions The Origins of Discourse Analysis Critical Discourse Analysis Interpreting Discourse Cohesion Coherence Discourse Typology: Spoken and Written, Formal and Informal Discourse and the Sentence Discourse as Process Discourse as Dialogue Information Structure in Discourse Knowledge in Discourse: Schemata Conversation as Discourse Type Conversation Analysis Turn-taking Conversational Principles: Cooperative Flouting the Cooperative Principle Conversational Principles: Politeness Introduction A Brief History of the CDA Group Considering Critical in Critical Discourse Analysis Considering Discourse in Critical Discourse Analysis Considering Analysis in Critical Discourse Analysis Different Approaches to CDA Introduction Scope Major Branches Linguistics Applied Introduction Neurolinguistics Language Areas in Brain Broca’s Area and Wernicke’s Area The Motor Cortex and the Arcuate Fasciculus The Localization View Tongue Tips and Slips Slips of the Ear Aphasia Types of Aphasia Dichotic Listening The Critical Period Introduction The Standard Language and Vernacular Language Accent and Dialect (Dialectology) Pidgin and Creole Diglossia and Polyglossia Language and Culture Acquisition and Stages of Acquisition Cooing and Babbling The One-Word Stage The Two-Word Stage Telegraphic Speech Summary/Discussion The Acquisition Process Developing Morphology Developing Syntax Forming Questions Forming Negatives Developing Semantics Second Language Acquisition and Learning Acquisition Barriers Affective Factors Focus on Method Focus on the Learner Communicative Competence Introduction The Family Tree Model Grimm’s Law The Comparative Method The Wave Model Language Change What is Computational Linguistics? Processes and Methods of CL Morphological Processing Syntactic Processing Semantic Processing Application of CL LEXICOGRAPHY The Dictionary: Definition and History Source Materials for Dictionaries Uses and Users of Dictionaries Corpora for Lexicography Developments in Electronic Dictionary Design Linguistic Corpora and the Compilation of Dictionaries What is Linguistic Research or Research in Linguistics? Research Trends in Applied Linguistics Current Trends in Linguistic Research Methodology Research Trends in Linguistics in China Research Trends in Linguistics in Japan Trends of Linguistics in India Recent Progress in Applied Linguistics