Course Info
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Course Category
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Molecular Biology
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Course Level
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Graduate
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Credit Hours
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3
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Pre-requisites
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N/A
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Instructor
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Iram Mushtaq
P.hD
Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad
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Course Contents
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Introduction to Molecular Biology, History of Molecular Biology, Achievements of Molecular Biology, Nucleic Acids, Chemical composition of DNA, Nucleoside & Nucleotide, Types of Deoxyribonucleotides, How do Deoxyribonucleotides Join?, Structure of DNA, Work of Franklin & Wilkins (1950s), Structure of DNA - 2, Chemical composition of RNA, Types of Ribonucleotides, Types of RNAs, Structures of RNAs, Nature of Genetic Material, Griffith’s Experiments, Transformation Experiments, Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty’s experiment, Hershey & Chase experiment, Chemical composition of proteins, Primary structure of proteins, Secondary structure of proteins, Alpha Helix, Beta Pleated Sheets, Tertiary Structure of Proteins, Quaternary Structure of Proteins, Genetic Materials in Viruses, Organization of Genetic Material in Bacteria -1, Organization of Genetic Material in Bacteria - 2, Organization of Genetic Material in Eukaryotes, Histone Proteins, The Nucleosome, The 30-nm Fiber - 1, The 30-nm Fiber - 2, Replication of DNA, Experiment of Meselson & Stahl, Chemistry of DNA Synthesis - 1, Chemistry of DNA Synthesis - 2, Mechanism of DNA Polymerase, DNA Polymerases Resemble a Hand - 1, DNA Polymerases Resemble a Hand - 2, THE REPLICATION FORK, THE RNA PRIMER, THE DNA HELICASE, TOPOISOMERASES, INITIATION OF REPLICATION, THE REPLICON MODEL, FINISHING REPLICATION, TYPE II TOPOISOMERASES, TELOMERASE, DNA mutations, Nature of Mutations, Replication errors, Radiation Damage, Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer, (6-4) Photoproducts, x-rays and gamma rays damage, DNA instability in water, water-mediated deamination, water-mediated deamination 2, Oxidative damage to DNA, Oxidative damage to DNA (Conti..), Alkylation damage to DNA, Alkylation damage to DNA (Conti..), DNA damage by PAHs, DNA damage by aflatoxins, Chemical cross-linking agents, DNA damage by Psoralen, DNA damage by Cisplatin, Base analogs and intercalating agents, Direct reversal of DNA damage, Photoreactivation, CPD Photolyase, Mechanism of CPD photolyase, (6-4) Photolyase, Damage Reversal by Dealkylation, Dealkylation Enzymes, Base Excision Repair, Base Excision Repair Pathway, Short Patch Repair, Long Patch Repair, Nucleotide Excision Repair, Nucleotide Excision Repair of UV-induced Damage, UvrA, UvrB, and UvrC Proteins, The NER Pathway, Mismatch Repair, Mismatch Repair System in E. coli, MutS, MutL, & MutH Proteins, Mismatch Repair in Eukaryotes, Human Mismatch repair system, The Central Dogma, The Adapter Hypothesis of Crick, Discovery of the Transfer RNA, Discovery of the messenger RNA, Synthesis of RNA upon DNA Templates, Establishing the Genetic code, Transcription, RNA polymerases, Transcription Process, Elongation during transcription, Transcription cycle in Bacteria, transition to the open step, transition to the open step 2, Initial transcription, Inchworming, the Elongating Polymerases, Termination of the Transcription, Termination of the Transcription II, Rho independent termination, Transcription in Eukaryotes, Formation of Pre-initiation Complex, Promoter Escape, General Transcription Factors, General Transcription Factors (Conti...), The Mediator Complex, RNA Elongation and Proofreading, RNA Elongation and Proofreading (Conti...), Transcription Termination, Polymerases I and III, Polymerases I and III (Conti...), RNA Splicing, How splicing site is determined, Removal on Introns, The Spliceosome, The Splicing Pathway, Self-Splicing Introns, Group I Introns, Finding the Splice Sites Correctly, Cell cycle sys-presentation (1), S-phase synthesis of DNA, Mitosis, cytokinesis, chromosomal segregation and meiosis, Meiosis-Pairing and synaptonemal complex, Homologous recombination, Crossing-Over Is Highly Regulated, control of cell division, DNA damage blocks cell division, Limitations on number of cells.corr, Cell growth.ppt-corr, Homologous recombination--, RecBCD pathway, mitotic recombination, DNA break, Transposons, Transposons contain inverted terminal repeats, Mechanism of transposition, Transposition in mAize, Transposition in mAize-2, The P element, Types of receptors in signal transduction, TYPES OF EXTRACELLULAR MESSENGERS, G protein coupled receptors, Receptor protein-tyrosine kinases, 50- Phagocytes role in apoptosis_Formatted, signal transduction-1, signal transduction-2, Ending the G-protein mediated response, Types of second messenger, Types of second messenger-2, Extracellular messenger molecules, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Protein Kinases-activation, activation of downstream signaling pathways, Ending of response, Intro to Ras Gene, Accessory proteins RAS-MAP, RAS-Map kinase cascade-final, Insulin receptor, Insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2, Glucose transport and diabetes, Role of calcium in cellular activities, Movement of Calcium ions, Calcium as messenger, proteins activated by calcium, Why dying of cells is important, intracellular signals for apoptosis_Formatted, Extrinsic Pathway of apoptosis_Formatted, Mitochondrial pathway for apoptosis_Formatted, Inhibition of apoptosis_, Phagocytes role in apoptosis_Formatted, Introduction to epigenetics part 1, Introduction to epigenetics part 2, DNA methylation in healthy cells, DNA methylation pattern change in cancer cells, miRNA silencing in Human cancer, DNA methylation in tumor detection, Histone posttranslational modifications, Histone modifications in cancer, Epigenetics and its genetic syndromes, Need to control mRNA, Role of transcription factors, DNA Sites Involved in Transcription, Transcriptional activation role of enhancers, promoters, and coactivators, Transcription repression, Processing level control, Cytoplasmic localization of mRNA, Control of mRNA translation, Control of mRNA stability, Role of microRNAs in translation_Formatted, Post-translational control protein stability_Formatted, DNA microarray and microchips, whole chromosome transcriptional mapping, Deletion analysis, RNAi Analysis, tissue-specific functional profiling, locating target sites for transcription factors, Locating enhancers that bind unknown proteins_Formatted, locating promoters, in situ expression analysis, protein separation_Formatted, protein analysis_Formatted (1), ICAT_Formatted, Proteins characterize different organisms and species, Protein interactions_Formatted, Bioinformatics-an overview_Formatted, Regulatory motifs, How to access and use the online data_Formatted, making antibodies_Formatted, Monoclonal_formatting, freezing cells and cell banking_Formatted, antibodies to small molecules_Formatted, 95-Growing hybridomas_Formatted, Purification_Formatted, enzyme immunosorbent assays, triple antibody sandwich elisa_Formatted, double antibody sandwich_Formatting, enhanced elisa systems_Formatted, competitive elisa_Formatted, Immunofluorescent microscopy_Formatted, Immunosorbent electron microscopy_Formatted, epitope mapping_Formatted, Immunoblotting_Formatted, PCR_Formatted, Immunoaffinity chromatography_Formatted, antibody-based biosensors_Formatted, IONIZATION_Formatted, Lateral flow devices_Formatted, detectors_Formatted, Analyzing protein complexes_Formatted, General principles_Formatted, mass analyzer_Formatted, electrophoresis of proteins_Formatted, electro of nucleic acid, capillary electrophoresis, Microchip electrophoresis, High-performance liquid chromatography, Adsorption chromatography, Partition chromatography, Ion exchange chromatography, Molecular size exclusion chromatography, Affinity chromatography, Gas chromatography, Support Media for electrophoresis.
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