ZOO505 : Cell and Molecular Biology

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Course Info

Course Category

Molecular Biology

Course Level

Undergraduate

Credit Hours

4

Pre-requisites

N/A

Instructor

Mr. Kamran Abbas
Mphil-Molecular Biology
UVAS, Lahore

Course Contents

Introduction to the Study of cell biology Introduction to Molecular Biology Introduction to Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Composition of Matter Moelcules of life Unit of life Journey into the Cell Size Matters Introduction to Plasma Membrane An overview of membrane functions A brief history of studies on plasma membrane Chemical composition of membranes Membrane Lipids (Phosphoglycerides) Membrane Lipids (Sphingolipids) Membrane Lipids (Cholesterol) Membrane Carbohydrates Membrane proteins Membrane lipids and membrane fluidity Diffusion Diffusion of Water through Membranes The Diffusion of Ions through Membranes Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Endocytosis Phagocytosis Cytoskeleton-1 Cytoskeleton-2 Types of cytoskeleton Microtubules Intermediate Filaments Microfilaments Membranes Membrane components Recognition and adhesion Transport across membranes The Endoplasmic Reticulum ER Transport Introduction ER Transport Golgi & Lysosomes Vesical Transport Mitochondria Protein Transport into Mitochondria Lysosomal Transport Peroxisome & Glyoxisome Ribosomes The Nucleus Nuclear Transport Chromosome Nucleic Acids DNA & RNA RNA & DNA Chemical composition of DNA Nucleoside & Nucleotide Types of Deoxyribonucleotides How do Deoxyribonucleotides Join Structure of DNA Structure of DNA 2 Chemical composition of RNA Types of Ribonucleotides Types of RNAs Structures of RNAs Nature of Genetic Material Organization of Genetic Material in Bacteria Organization of Genetic Material in Bacteria 2 Organization of Genetic Material in Eukaryotes Histone protein The nucleosome Cell Division Cell cycle Mitosis Mitosis (continuos… ) Meiosis I Meiosis II Meiosis II (continuous…) Comparison - (Mitosis- Meiosis) Replication of DNA Experiment of Meselson & Stahl Chemistry of DNA Synthesis Chemistry of DNA Synthesis 2 Mechanism of DNA Polymerase The Replication fork THE RNA PRIMER THE DNA HELICASE TOPOISOMERASES INITIATION OF REPLICATION THE REPLICON MODEL FINISHING REPLICATION TYPE II TOPOISOMERASES TELOMERASE The Central Dogma Synthesis of RNA upon DNA Templates TRANSCRIPTION RNA POLYMERASES Transcription process Elongation during Transcription Transcription Cycle in Bacteria Transition to the Open Complex Transition to the Open Complex 2 Initial Transcription The Elongating Polymerase Termination of Transcription Termination of Transcription 2 Rho-independent Terminators TRANSCRIPTION IN EUKARYOTES Formation of pre-initiation complex Promoter Escape General Transcription Factors General Transcription Factors 2 The Mediator Complex RNA Elongation and Proofreading RNA Elongation and Proofreading 2 Transcription Termination Polymerase I and III Polymerase I and III (continuous…) RNA Splicing How splicing site is determined Removal of Introns The Spliceosome The Splicing Pathway Self-Splicing Introns Translation Messenger RNA Discovery of Messenger RNA Prokaryotic mRNAs Eukaryotic mRNAs Transfer RNA Discovery of Transfer RNA Secondary structure of tRNA Attachment of Amino Acids to tRNA The Ribosome Structure of peptide bond Binding Sites on Ribosomes for tRNA Initiation of Translation The Initiation Factors Translation Elongation The Ribosome Is a Ribozyme Translocation in the Large Subunit Termination of Translation Termination of Translation 2 Nascent polypeptide processing & folding Nascent polypeptide processing & folding 2 RNA processing (post translational modifications) Establishing the Genetic Code DNA Mutations Nature of Mutations Practicals: Practical 1 Study of Prokaryotic cell Practical 2 Eukaryotic, Plant and Animal cells Practical 3 Observation of wet mounts of human cheek cells employing bright and dark field microscopy Practical 4 Study of cellular reproduction Practical 5 Study of Mitosis: Smear/Squash preparation of Onion roots Practical 6 Staining of Bacteria (Gram Staining) Practical 7 DNA Extraction from Whole Blood 1 Practical 8 DNA Extraction from Whole Blood 2 Practical 9 DNA quantification by spectrophotometry using NanoDrop 1 Practical 10 DNA quantification by spectrophotometry using NanoDrop 2 Practical 11 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification 1 Practical 12 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification 2 Practical 13 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification 3 Practical 14 Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 1 Practical 15 Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 2 Practical 16 Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 3