Course Overview
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Course Synopsis
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English has now become a globalized phenomenon and is used by a diverse range of speakers from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds. As a global language it functions as an International lingua franca and language teachers need to develop an awareness regarding its roles and features. In this context, the course “World Englishes” aims to explore the theoretical, descriptive and applied interests in the spread of English.
The content of this course includes a comprehensive introduction to World Englishes, the nature and dangers of a globalized language, its historical, political and social inclinations, and contact induced varieties of English. Further, it includes theories of origin of Pidgins and Creoles, linguistic features and characteristics, models and classification of English, and standard language ideologies.
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Course Learning Outcomes
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After studying this course, students will be able to:
- understand globalization, global language and the need of a global language.
- comprehend the relation between language & identity and the dominance of a global language over minor languages.
- understand the idea and origin of world Englishes and its spread globally.
- have a conceptual understanding of English as native, second, foreign and international language and the factors affecting them.
- read and understand various models related to different aspects of world Englishes.
- comprehend technological additions & innovations and the subsequent variations in world Englishes.
- know about the problems in different areas and the relevant solutions in the features of different varieties of world Englishes.
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Course Calendar
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Week 01
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1
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Globalisation: Definition
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2
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What is a Global Language?
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3
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The Need for a Global Language in Present Times
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4
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What Makes a Global Language?
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5
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Emergence of English as a Global Language
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6
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Change in the Status of English
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7
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Dangers of Global Language
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8
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Undue Empowerment of Users
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10
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Loss of Linguistic Diversity-I
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11
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Loss of Linguistic Diversity-II
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12
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The Issues of National and Cultural Identity
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13
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Introducing World Englishes
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16
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Spread of English Through Migrations and Settlement: America-I
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17
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Spread of English through Migrations and Settlements: America-II
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18
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Spread of English through Migrations and Settlements: New Zealand
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Week 02
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19
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Spread of English: Caribbean
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20
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Spread of English: South East Asia
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21
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Spread of English: South Africa-I
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22
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Spread of English: South Africa-II
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23
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Spread of English: Africa
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24
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Spread of English: South Asia
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25
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Political Developments
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26
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Technological and Industrial Developments-I
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27
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Technological and Industrial Development-II
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28
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Social and Cultural Trends
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30
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English as a Lingua Franca
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32
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Process of Pidginization-I
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33
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Process of Pidginization-II
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34
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Process of Creolization
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35
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Process of creolization-II
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36
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Geographical Distribution
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Week 03
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37
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Independent Parallel Development Theory
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38
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Nautical Jargon Theory
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39
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Monogenesis Theory: Afrogenesis Hypothesis
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41
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Theory of Relexification
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42
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Universal Principles Theory
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43
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Pidgins and Creoles Linguistic Features: Lexis
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48
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Creole Development in the US and UK
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49
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English as a Native Language
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50
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Native and Non-native English Speakers
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51
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English as a Foreign Language
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52
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English as a Second Language
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53
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English as an International Language
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54
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Speech Community and Speech Fellowship
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Quiz No. 1
Week 04
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55
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Models of World Englishes
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56
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Strevens' Model of World Englishes (1980)
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57
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Mc Arthur's Circle of World Englishes
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58
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Manfred Gorlach's Circle Model of English
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59
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Modiano’s Centripetal Circles of International English
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60
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Modiano's English as an International Language Model
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Assignment
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64
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Status and Functions of English in the Outer and Expanding Circle
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65
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Norm Providing, Norm Developing and Norm Dependent
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66
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Institutionalisation of English
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67
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Limitations of Kachru’s Three Circle Model
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68
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Limitations of Kachru’s Three Circle Model II
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69
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The Nativeness Paradigm I
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70
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The Nativeness Paradigm II
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71
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Redrawing the Three Circle Model I
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72
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Redrawing the Three Circle Model II
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Week 05
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73
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'new' Englishes and ‘New’ Englishes: Definitions and Differences
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74
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new Englishes and ‘New’ Englishes
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78
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Nativization of English in Pakistan
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81
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Concerns about Contact Literature
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82
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Features of Contact Literature
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83
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Language Use by Multilinguals
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84
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Strategies for Text Nativization
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Week 06
Quiz No. 2
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98
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Components of Intelligibility
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101
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Intercultural Competence
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102
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Sociocultural Context in World Englishes
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103
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What is Standard English I?
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104
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What is Standard English II ?
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107
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Non-standard Englishes
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108
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Language Standardization and Codification
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Week 07
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109
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Codification and Teacher Education
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110
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Issues in Codification
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111
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Two Constructs of Standards and Codification I
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112
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Two Constructs of Standards and Codification II
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113
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External Models in Expanding and Outer Circles
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114
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Internal Models in Expanding and Outer Circles
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115
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Standard vs Global Language
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116
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Speaking and Writing in World Englishes I
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117
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Speaking and Writing in World Englishes II
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118
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Speaking and Writing in World Englishes III
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119
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Genre and Style in World Englishes I
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120
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Genre and Style in World Englishes II
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Mid-term Examination
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121
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Second Language Acquisition and World Englishes
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122
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Second Language Acquisition in Multilingual Context
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123
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SLA and Formal Instructions
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124
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Issues of Proficiency and Communicative Competence I
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125
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Issues of Proficiency and Communicative Competence II
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126
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Nativization and Englishization
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Week 08
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127
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World Englishes and Interlanguage I
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128
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World Englishes and Interlanguage II
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129
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Second Language Acquisition (SLA)Theories and World Englishes
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130
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Realities of Second Language Learning in World Englishes Context
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131
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Acquisition of English in Outer and Expanding Circles I
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132
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Acquisition of English in Outer and Expanding Circles II
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133
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Bilingualism, Code Mixing and Code Switching
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134
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Phenomenon of Code Mixing
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135
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Pragmatics of Code Switching I
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136
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Pragmatics of Code Switching II
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137
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Code Switching as a Communicative Strategy I
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138
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Code Switching as a Communicative Strategy II
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139
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Language Planning and Policy and Spread of English
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140
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Colonial Language Policy I
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141
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Colonial Language Policy II
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142
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Colonial Language Policy in Africa
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143
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Colonial Language Policy in Asia
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144
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Learning of English and Anticolonial Struggle
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Week 09
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145
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English in Language Policy Discourse
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146
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Choice and Hegemony of English
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147
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Effects of Hegemony of English
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148
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Hegemony of English: Implications for Language Policy and Planning
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149
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Language Policy and Planning in Pakistan I
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150
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Language Policy and Planning in Pakistan II
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Quiz No. 3
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152
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American English: Settlement History
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153
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Varieties of American English I
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154
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Varieties of American English II
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157
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English in Australia and New Zealand: Origin and Development I
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158
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English in Australia and New Zealand: Origin and Development II
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159
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English in Australia and New Zealand: Linguistic Features
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160
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English in Australia and New Zealand: Sociolinguistic Variations
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161
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Varieties of Australian English
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162
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Varieties of New Zealand English
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GDB
Week 10
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163
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Southeast Asian English: History and Development
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164
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Southeast Asian English: Singapore and Malaysia
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165
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Southeast Asian English:Philippines
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166
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Southeast Asian English:Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia
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167
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Future of English in Southeast Asia I
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168
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Future of English in Southeast Asia II
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169
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African English: Origin and Development
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170
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African English: Innovations I
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171
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African English: Innovations II
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172
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Black South African English
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173
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African American Vernacular English
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174
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Features of African American Vernacular English I
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175
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Features of African American Vernacular English II
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177
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Emerging Englishes: Chinese
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178
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Characteristics of Chinese English
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179
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Emerging Englishes: Japanese
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180
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Role of English in Europe
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Week 11
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181
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English of the Sub-continent: Historical Background
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182
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English of the Sub-continent: Status
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183
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English of the Sub-continent: Status in Pakistan
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184
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English of the Sub-continent: Status in Pakistan II
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185
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Characteristics of Sub-continent English
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186
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Attitudes Towards English in Sub-continent
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187
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On the Way to New Standard Englishes
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188
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Codification of Indigenized Varieties of English I
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189
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Codification of Indigenized Varieties of English II
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190
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Codification of Indigenized Varieties of English III
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191
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External Vs. Internal Models
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Quiz No. 4
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193
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Linguistic Imperialism
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194
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Awareness of Linguistic Imperialism
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195
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Colonial Education Policy and Colonial Economy
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196
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Consequences of Imperialist Language Policy
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197
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Linguistic Imperialism Revisited I
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198
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Linguistic Imperialism Revisited II
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Week 12
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199
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World Englishes, Gender and Power I
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200
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World Englishes, Gender and Power II
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201
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World Englishes Gender and Power III
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202
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Bilingual Women’s Creativity
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203
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Gender and Bilingual's Writing
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204
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Gender and Language Use
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205
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Teaching World Englishes
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206
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Implications of English Language Varieties for Language Pedagogy I
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207
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Implications of English Language Varieties for Language Pedagogy II
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208
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Native Vs non-native Teachers
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209
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World Englishes Implications for Teacher Education I
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210
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World Englishes Implications for Teacher Education II
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211
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Culture in the Classroom I
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212
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Culture in the Classroom II
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213
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Use of World Englishes in the Classroom I
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214
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Use of World Englishes in the Classroom II
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215
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L2 in the Classroom and Non-native Educators I
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216
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L2 in the Classroom and Non-native Educators II
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Week 13
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217
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Historical Context of English Language Teaching I
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218
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Historical Context of English Language Teaching II
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219
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Historical Context of English Language Teaching III
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220
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Centrality of Inner Circle in ELT
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221
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World Englishes and ELT Methods I
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222
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World Englishes and ELT Methods II
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223
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The Issue of Language Testing and World Englishes
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224
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English Language Testing and Non-native Speaker Variation I
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225
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English Language Testing and Non-native Speaker Variation II
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226
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Critique of Existing English Language Tests
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227
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Critique of Existing English Language Tests II
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228
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English Language Tests and Linguistic Imperialism
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229
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English Language in Higher Education
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230
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The Globalization of Universities
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231
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English in International Higher Education
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232
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Transnational Education I
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233
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Transnational Education II
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234
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Higher Education Trends
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Week 14
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235
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Lexicography and World Englishes
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236
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Language Legitimacy and the Dictionary
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237
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Dictionary and the Notion of Standard
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238
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The Concept of Englishes I
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239
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The Concept of Englishes II
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240
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Compiling a Regional Dictionary
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243
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English in Broadcasting I
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244
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English in Broadcasting II
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245
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Role of the Cinema in the Spread of English
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246
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Role of Music in the Spread of English
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248
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Demographic Trends II
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Week 15
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253
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English as a Killer Language I
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254
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English as a Killer Language II
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255
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Creation of a Monolingual Elite
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257
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Linguistic Complacency II
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258
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Bilingualism to Prevent Language Death
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264
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Future of English III
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265
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Research in World Englishes: Corpus Analysis I
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266
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Research in World Englishes: Corpus Analysis II
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267
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Research in World Englishes: Changes in Grammar I
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268
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Research in World Englishes: Changes in Grammar II
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270
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Research in World Englishes: Variation Study
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Final-term Examination
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