Course Overview
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Course Synopsis
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Speaking two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world. This representation of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of bilingualism a century ago. Bilingualism allowed the respondents to connect with others, learn other perspectives and break down barriers, which is essential in the age of globalization. Keeping in mind the growing importance of ‘Bilingualism’, it is important that we take a look at it and discover in this course what theories and research works update us about it.
The course consists of 50 lessons which are further divided into different modules. Several theories and concepts have been put together for learner’s deep understanding regarding the whole field of bilingualism. The course will make students aware of all the past research works happened in the field and also the current researches happening in bilingual studies. Students will study research in bilingualism around the globe and how can they implement those works in Pakistan. The course majorly focuses upon the scope of bilingual studies in Pakistan. Students will be able to know how bilingualism and multilingualism works in Pakistan. They will also practice to apply research strategies of bilingualism themselves. The course contains some key contents for instance; monolingual and bilingual situations, societal bilingualism, multilingual contexts, code-switching, semilingualism, advantages and disadvantages, translanguaging, bilingualism in curriculum, language policy, classroom situations, approaches and methods.
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Course Learning Outcomes
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After completing this course, students will be able to:
- understand developmental aspects and basic underlying principles and domains of language behavior.
- get the knowledge about bilingual situation and societal bilingualism.
- know the role of languages in contact in bilingualism.
- get the concept of sociopolitics and geopolitics of bilingualism.
- understand the actual meaning of being a bilingual.
- acquire information about the correct implications of languages in bilingualism.
- know the arguments from universal grammar and cognitive approaches to second language learning.
- understand about language variation and language configuration.
- explain code-switching, code-mixing and their dynamics.
- get awareness of the concept of translanguaging.
- know different dynamics in bilingual education.
- solve issues related to conducting research in bilingualism.
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Course Calendar
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Week 01
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1
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Bilingualism: Introduction
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2
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Definitions of Bilingualism
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3
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Definitions of Bilingualism:Issues
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4
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Guidelines to Language Behaviour:Functional Approach
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5
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Similarities in the Nature of Language Behaviour
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6
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Language in Literacy and Bilingualism
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7
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Forms of Language and Change
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9
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Self Regulation of Individual Behaviour
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10
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Language Change in Society
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11
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Developmental Aspects of Language Behaviour
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12
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Collective Aspects of Language Behaviour
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15
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Basic Principles of Language Behaviour: Assumptions
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16
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Social and Psychological Realities
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Week 02
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17
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Dimensions and Measurement of Bilingualism
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19
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Cognitive Organization
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25
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Dimensions of Societal Bilingualism
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26
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Typical Cases of Societal Bilingualism
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27
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Monolingual vs Bilingual Communities
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28
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Measurement of Bilinguality
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30
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Reasons for Languages in Contact
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33
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Problematizing the Language and Dialect Distinction
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Week 03
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34
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Sociopolitics of Bilingualism: Introduction
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35
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Multilingualism as Resource
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36
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Language Planning in Multilingualism Contexts
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37
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Languages in Multilingual Contexts
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Quiz I
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38
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Functioning as a Bilingual: Introduction
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39
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Mental Representation of Languages
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40
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Functioning in Both Languages: Code-Switching
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41
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Changing Attitudes Towards Bilingualism
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43
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Stigmatization and Language Rights
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44
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Bilingualism: Introduction
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45
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Communicative Advantage of Bilingualism
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46
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Cultural Advantage of Bilingualism
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47
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Cognitive Advantage of Bilingualism
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48
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Disadvantages of Bilingualism
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Week 04
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49
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Describing Bilingualism: Four Essential Questions
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50
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Describing Bilingualism: Degree
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51
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Describing Bilingualism: Functions
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52
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Variation in Language Contact
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Assignment
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56
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Who Speaks to Whom Which Language?
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57
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Habitual Language Choice
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58
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Language Choice and Group
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59
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Language Choice and Situation
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60
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Language Choice and Topic
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61
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Domains of Language Behaviour
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62
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Domain and Contexts:Institutional
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63
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Domain and Micro-social Dynamics of Contexts
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64
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Domain and Contexts: Governmental Administration
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65
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Domain and Role Relations
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Week 05
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66
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Other Sources of Variance and Domain Configuration: Introduction
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67
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Key Sources of Variance
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69
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Contribution of Domain Analysis
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70
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Challenges in Domain Analysis
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71
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Social Meaning in Linguistic Structure: Introduction
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72
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Dialect and Group Membership
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73
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Regularity in Social Meanings
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74
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Contextual Constraints
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75
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Time, Setting, Situation and Event
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76
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Situational and Metaphorical Code-Switching
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77
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Interactional Linguistics
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78
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Code-Switching Dynamics: Introduction
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79
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Code-Switching: Social Implications
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80
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Indexicality and Sense of Script
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82
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Conventions in Exchanges and Language Choice
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83
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Social Networks and Code-Switching
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Quiz 2
Week 06
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84
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Code Mixing and Early Bilingualism: Introduction
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85
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Grammar of Code-Switching
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86
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Linguistic Dimension of Code-Switching/Mixing
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87
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Linguistic Dimension: Bilingual Mixing
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89
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Linguistic Variation and Age
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90
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Explanations of Language Mixing: Introduction
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91
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Unitary Language System
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93
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Other Explanations: Restricted Lexical Use and Structural Features
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94
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Universal Operating Principles
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95
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Acquisition Strategies and Language Mixing
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96
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Researching Bilingualism: Introduction
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100
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Impact of Researcher Identity and Attitudes
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Week 07
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101
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Bilingual Education: Introduction
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102
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Bilingual Education: Scenarios
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103
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Defining Bilingual Education
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104
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Bilingual Education and Language Teaching
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105
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Monoglossic Ideologies in Bilingual Education
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106
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Reimagining Bilingualism: Introduction
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107
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Bilingual Education: A New Angle
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109
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Bilingual Education Beneficiaries
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110
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Bilingualism: Issues of Power
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Mid Term Exam
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111
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Geopolitics and Language Orientation: Introduction
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112
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Bilingualism: A problem?
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113
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Bilingual Education: Addressing Educational Failure
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114
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Bilingual Education:A Right
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115
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Bilingualism as a Resource
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116
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Bilingual Education: Emerging Significance
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Week 08
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117
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Languaging and Education:A Scenarios
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118
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Languaging and Language Education:Introduction
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119
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Language and Political Control
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121
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Globalization and Glocalization
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122
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Languaging and Language:Introduction
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123
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Language Fixed Codes?
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126
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Languaging of Creole Speakers
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127
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Languages in Education:Introduction
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128
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Standardization of Language and Literacy
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129
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Exclusive Use of Standard Variety
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130
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Characteristics of Academic Language
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131
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Academic Language and Higher Order Skills
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Week 09
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132
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Reasons for Impositions of Language:Introduction
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134
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Controlling Opportunities
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135
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Regulation with Language Practicies
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136
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Languaging in Schools
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Quiz 3
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138
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Bilingualism and Translanguaging:Introduction
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139
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Balanced Bilingualism
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140
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Translanguaging and Bilingualism
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141
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Invisible Bilingualism
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142
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Translanguaging Framework:Introduction
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143
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Bilingual Language Use
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Week 10
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147
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Models of Bilingualism
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148
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Subtractive Bilingualism
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149
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Additive Bilingualism
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150
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Recursive Bilingualism
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153
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Questioning Assumptions
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154
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Bilingualism: Semilingualism
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157
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Second Language Learners
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159
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Second Language Learning Process
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Graded Discussion Board
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160
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Bilingual Abilities and Bilingual Development:Introduction
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161
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Bilingualism and Language Functions
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162
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Bilingual Development:Elective or Obligatory
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163
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Bilingual Development in Children
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164
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Bilingual Vs. Monolingual Children
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Week 11
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165
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Adult Vs. Child Bilingualism:Introduction
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166
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Adult Bilingual Development
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167
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Child Bilingual Development
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168
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Adult Vs. Child Bilingualism:Differences
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169
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Bilingualism Language Maintenance and shift:Introduction
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170
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Language Revitalization
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171
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Language and Identity
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172
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Postcoloniality and Hybrid Identity
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174
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Language Policy and Language Rights
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176
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Language Policy:Dimensions
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177
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Goals of Language Policy
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178
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Languages in Education
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179
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Bilingualism and Human Rights
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Quiz 4
Week 12
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180
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Bilingualism in the Curriculum:Introduction
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184
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Bilingual Arrangement:Introduction
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185
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Separation:Time Determined
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186
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Separation:Teacher Determined
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187
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Separation:Place Determined
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188
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Separation:Subject Determined
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189
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Bilingual Arrangements-Flexible Convergent:Introduction
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190
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Flexible Convergent:Random Code-Switching
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191
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Code-Switching Academic Concerns
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192
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Code-Switching-A Pedagogical Tool
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193
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Flexible Convergence:Monoliterate Bilingualism
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Week 13
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194
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Flexible Multiplicity
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195
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Bilingualism in the 21st Century
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196
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Macro and Micro Alternation
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197
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Flexible Bilingual Arrangements:Significance
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198
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Five Flexible Multiple Bilingual Arrangements
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199
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Using Responsible Code-Switching in Classrooms
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200
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Monitoring Quantity and Quality of Code-Switching
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201
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Code-Switching as a Pedagogical Tool
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203
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The Dynamics and Impact of Unequal Power Between Languages
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204
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Other Bilingual Arrangments:Introduction
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207
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Translanguaging:Advantages
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208
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Flexibility of Translanguaging
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209
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Translanguaging:Classroom Examples
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Week 14
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210
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More Bilingual Arrangements for Classrooms
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212
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Cross-linguistic Awareness
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213
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Cross-linguistic Awareness:Importance
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214
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Translanguaging-A Closer Look:Introduction
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215
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Translanguaging in Classrooms
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216
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Translanguaging Vs. Translation
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217
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Translanguaging and Multilingual Adolescents
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218
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Translanguaging:Considerations
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219
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Reaction to Immersion Program
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220
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Models of Bilingual Teaching:Introduction
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223
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Multiple Bilingual Teaching Model
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224
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Complexity of Decisions
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Week 15
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225
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Bilingual Education Approach and Methods:Transmission Vs. Constructivism
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226
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Bilingual Education Approach and Methods: Transmission Vs. Constructivism
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227
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Bilingual Development and Language of Instruction
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228
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Bilingualism and Grammar Approach
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229
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Communicative Approach
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231
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21st Century Needs:Social Justice and Social Practices
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232
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Bilingualism:Equity-Interactions and Involvement
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233
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Bilingualism and Tolerance
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234
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Expectations and Rigour
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235
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Assessments and Relevance
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Final Term Exam
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236
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Language Policies and its Implications:Introduction
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237
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Languages in Pakistan
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238
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Urdu in the Language Policy
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239
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English in the Language Policy
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240
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Indigenous Languages in the Language Policy
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