Course Overview
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Course Synopsis
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This course provides information on the distribution of animals and their associations in the past and to rationalize their relationship in the present time. Impart knowledge and concepts of evolution mainly on the basis of fossil record. Give understanding that fossil record also provide information about the distribution of animals in the past era.
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Course Learning Outcomes
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Upon completion of the course students should be able to:
- Describe the types of questions the field of zoogeography investigates
- Describe several of the processes through which zoogeographers try to answer these questions, and develop methods for trying to answer any particular question;
- Explain several important concepts/events (e.g. plate tectonics, dispersal, the Great American Interchange) that are important in understanding the present distribution of numerous animal groups
- Describe hypotheses that explain the present distributions of several specific animal species;
- . Describe several important geographical patterns of community diversity
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Course Calendar
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Week 01
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1
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Paleontology as a science : Paleontology in the modern world
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2
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Paleontology as a science: What is Science?
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3
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Paleontology as a science : Steps to understanding
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4
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Paleontology as a science : Fossils and evolution
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5
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Paleontology as a science : Paleontology today
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6
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Fossils in time and space
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7
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Fossils in time and space : Frameworks
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8
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Fossils in time and space : lithostratigraphy
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9
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Fossils in time and space : Use of fossils: discovery of biostratigraphy (Part 1)
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10
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Fossils in time and space : Use of fossils: discovery of biostratigraphy (Part 2)
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11
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Fossils in time and space : Paleobiogeography
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12
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Fossils in time and space : Island Paleobiogeography
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13
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Fossils in time and space : Fossils in fold belts
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Week 02
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14
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Taphonomy and the quality of the fossil record
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15
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Taphonomy and the quality of the fossil record : Fossil preservation (Part 1)
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16
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Taphonomy and the quality of the fossil record : Fossil preservation (Part 2)
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17
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Taphonomy and the quality of the fossil record : Quality of the fossil record
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18
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Paleoecology and paleoclimates
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19
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Paleoecology and paleoclimates : Paleoecology (Part 1)
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20
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Paleoecology and paleoclimates : Paleoecology (Part 2)
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21
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Paleoecology and paleoclimates : Paleoclimates
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22
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Macroevolution and the tree of life
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23
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Macroevolution and the tree of life : Evolution by natural selection
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24
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Macroevolution and the tree of life : Evolution and the fossil record
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25
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Macroevolution and the tree of life : The tree of life
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26
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Macroevolution and the tree of life : Cladistics
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Week 03
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27
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Fossil form and function
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28
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Fossil form and function : Growth and form (part 1)
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29
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Fossil form and function : Growth and form
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30
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Fossil form and function : Evolution and development
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31
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Mass extinctions and biodiversity loss
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32
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Mass extinctions and biodiversity loss : Mass extinctions
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33
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Mass extinctions and biodiversity loss : Mass extinctions (continued)
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34
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Mass extinctions and biodiversity loss : The “big five” mass
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35
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Mass extinctions and biodiversity loss : The Cretaceous-Tertiary event
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37
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The origin of life : Scientific Methods
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38
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The origin of life: Testing the Biochemical Method
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39
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The origin of life: RNA World
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Quiz 1
Week 04
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40
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The origin of life : Evidence for the origin of life
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41
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The origin of life: Life diversifies: eukaryotes
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42
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Protists : Protista: introduction
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43
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Protists: Kingdom Protista
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46
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Protists : Chromista Diatoms
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47
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Origin of the metazoans
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48
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Origin of the metazoans : Origins
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49
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Origin of the metazoans : Invertebrate body and skeletal plans
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50
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Origin of the metazoans : Classifications and Relationships
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51
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Origin of the metazoans : Four key faunas
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52
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Origin of the metazoans : Ordovician Radiation
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GDB
Week 05
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53
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Origin of the metazoans : Soft-bodied invertebrates
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54
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The basal metazoans: sponges and corals
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55
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The basal metazoans: sponges and corals : Porifera
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56
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The basal metazoans: sponges and corals : Cnidaria
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57
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Spiralians 1: lophophorates
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58
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Spiralians 1: lophophorates : Brachiopoda
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59
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Spiralians 1: lophophorates : Brachiopoda Five extinction events
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60
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Spiralians 1: lophophorates : Bryozoa
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61
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Spiralians 2: mollusks
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62
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Spiralians 2: mollusks : Mollusks: introduction
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63
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Spiralians 2: mollusks : Early mollusks
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64
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Spiralians 2: mollusks : Class Bivalvia
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65
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Spiralians 2: mollusks : Class Gastropoda
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Quiz 2
Week 06
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66
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Spiralians 2: mollusks : Class Cephalopoda
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67
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Spiralians 2: mollusks : Class Scaphopoda
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68
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Spiralians 2: mollusks : Class Rostroconcha
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69
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Spiralians 2: mollusks : Evolutionary trends within the Mollusca
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70
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Ecdysozoa: arthropods : Arthropods: introduction
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71
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Ecdysozoa: arthropods : Arthropods
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72
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Ecdysozoa: arthropods : Subphylum Trilobitomorpha
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73
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Ecdysozoa: arthropods : Subphylum Chelicerata
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74
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Ecdysozoa: arthropods : Subphylum Myriapoda
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75
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Ecdysozoa: arthropods : Subphylum Hexapoda
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76
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Ecdysozoa: arthropods : Subphylum Crustacea
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77
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Deuterostomes: echinoderms and hemichordates
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78
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Deuterostomes: echinoderms and hemichordates : Echinoderms
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Week 07
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79
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Deuterostomes: echinoderms and hemichordates : Hemichordates
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80
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Fishes and basal tetrapods: Introduction
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81
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Fishes and basal tetrapods : Origin of the vertebrates
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82
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Fishes and basal tetrapods : Conodonts
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83
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Fishes and basal tetrapods : Jaws and fish evolution
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84
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Fishes and basal tetrapods: Tetrapods
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85
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Fishes and basal tetrapods : Reign of the reptiles
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86
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Fishes and basal tetrapods : Reign of the reptiles part 2
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88
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Dinosaurs and mammals : Introduction
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89
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Dinosaurs and mammals : Dinosaurs and their kin
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90
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Dinosaurs and mammals : Dinosaurs and their kin Part 2
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Week 08
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91
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Dinosaurs and mammals : The age of Dinosaurs
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92
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Dinosaurs and mammals : Dragons of the Deep
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93
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Dinosaurs and mammals : Bird evolution
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94
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Dinosaurs and mammals : Rise of the mammals
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95
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Dinosaurs and mammals : The line to humans
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96
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Dinosaurs and mammals : The Apes and Humans
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97
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Dinosaurs and mammals : The Apes and Humans (part 2)
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98
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Dinosaurs and mammals : Modern Peoples
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101
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Trace fossils : Understanding trace fossils
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102
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Diversification of life
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103
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Diversification of life : The diversity of life
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104
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Diversification of life : equilibrium or Expension?
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Week 09
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105
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Diversification of life : Trends and radiations
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106
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Diversification of life : Ten major steps
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107
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Diversification of life : Ten Major Steps (Part 2)
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108
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Diversification of life : An Alternative, Top Eight Steps
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110
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Ecological Vs. historical Biogeography
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111
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The history of Biogeography: Biogeography and Creation
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112
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The history of Biogeography : The distribution of Life today
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113
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The history of Biogeography : Evolution- A dangerous Idea
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114
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The history of Biogeography : Enter Darwin and Wallace
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115
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The history of Biogeography : World Maps: Biogeographical Regions of Plants and Animals
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116
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The history of Biogeography : Getting Around the World
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117
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The history of Biogeography : Leon Croizat
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Week 10
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118
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The history of Biogeography : The Origins of Modern Historical Biogeography
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Quiz 3
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119
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The history of Biogeography : The Development of Ecological Biogeography
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120
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The history of Biogeography : Living Together
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121
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The history of Biogeography : Marine Biogeography
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122
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The history of Biogeography : Island Biogeography
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123
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Patterns of Distribution : finding a Home
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124
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Patterns of Distribution : Limits to Distribution
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125
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Patterns of Distribution : The Niche
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126
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Patterns of Distribution : Topographical Limits and Endemism
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127
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Patterns of Distribution : Physical Limits
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128
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Patterns of Distribution : Competition
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129
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Patterns of Distribution : Predators, prey, parasites, and hosts
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130
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Patterns of Distribution : Migration
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Week 11
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131
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Patterns of Distribution : Invasion
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132
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Communities and Ecosystems: Living together
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133
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Communities and Ecosystems: The Ecosystem
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134
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Communities and Ecosystems: Ecosystems and Species Diversity
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135
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Communities and Ecosystems: Biotic Assemblages on a global Scale
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136
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Communities and Ecosystems: Global patterns of climate
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137
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Communities and Ecosystems: Global patterns of climate (Part 2)
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138
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Patterns of biodiversity : Biodiversity
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139
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Patterns of biodiversity : latitudinal gradients of Biodiversity
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140
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Patterns of biodiversity : Is evolution faster in tropics?
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Quiz 4
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141
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Patterns of biodiversity : Legacy of Glaciation
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142
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Patterns of biodiversity : Latitude and Species ranges
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143
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Patterns of biodiversity : Diversity and altitude
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Week 12
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144
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Patterns of biodiversity : Biodiversity Hotspots
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145
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Plate Tectonics : The evidence for the plate tectonics
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146
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Plate Tectonics : Changing patterns of Continents
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147
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Plate Tectonics : Islands and plate-tectonics
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148
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Plate Tectonics : Sympatry Vs Allopatry
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149
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Plate Tectonics : Early Land life on Moving continents
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150
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Plate Tectonics : bio-geographical regions
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151
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Biogeographical Regions Today : History of today's Biogeographical regions
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152
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Biogeographical Regions Today : The Old-world Tropic : Africa
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153
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Biogeographical Regions Today : The Old-world Tropic : India
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154
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Biogeographical Regions Today : Australia
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155
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Biogeographical Regions Today : The New Caledonia
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156
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Biogeographical Regions Today : New Zealand
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Week 13
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157
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Biogeographical Regions Today : The West Indies
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158
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Biogeographical Regions Today : South America
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159
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Biogeographical Regions Today : The northern Hemisphere Holarctic mammals
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160
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Ice and Change: The Ice ages
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162
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The Human Intrusion:Animal Domestication
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163
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The Human Intrusion:Diversification of Homo sapiens
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164
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The Human Intrusion:Modern Homo
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165
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The Human Intrusion:Modern Homo & Megafaunal Extinctions
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166
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Plant Domestication and Agriculture
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168
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Diversification of Homo sapiens
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169
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Environmental Impact of Early Human Cultures
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Week 14
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170
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Conservation Biogeography
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171
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Welcome to the Anthropocene
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172
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Effect of Anthropocene
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173
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What is behind the Biodiversity Crisis?
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175
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Crisis Management: Responding to Biodiversity Loss
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176
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The Birth of Conservation Biogeography
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177
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Conservation Biogeography in action
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178
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The Future is Digital
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180
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Zoogeography and Paleontology of Pakistan
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